Blockaded by Sea, but Not by Land The US led maritime blockade has prompted Tehran to explore alternative trade routes through northern ports and land corridors.
Analysts argue that Iran's seven land neighbors, access to the Caspian Sea, and various railway links provide a more diverse range of options than relying on a single maritime gateway.
Iran's economy minister, Ali Madanizadeh, has been advocating for activating its northern borders and redirecting imports and exports away from southern maritime routes.